Seneste videoer

Are the indigenous Taino of Puerto Rico extinct?
Are the indigenous Taino of Puerto Rico extinct? landevideos 0 Visninger • 20 dage siden

The previous inhabitants of Puerto Rico lived on the island at least 1,000 years before the arrival of the Spanish. According to some scholars, the Taino as they were known were Arawak speakers who originated from the center of the Amazon basin, which is more or less where Venezuela and Colombia are today.

It's important to note that the Taino name was given to them by the Spanish. In reality we don't really know what they called themselves. but we do know that they were a subgroup of the Arawak people and they called the island Boriquen, which is where we get Boricua from..Boricua for those that don't know is another name for Puerto Rican..

When the Spanish arrived on the island in the early 1500s, there were approximately 20,000 - 70,000 Taino living on the island.

They lived in agricultural societies ruled by caciques with fixed settlements and a matrilllineal system of kinship and inheritance. Their religion centered on the worship of Zemis, which were sculptural objects which housed the deity or ancestral spirit.


It was thought that the Taino population in Puerto Rico was completely eradicated soon after the arrival of the Spaniards, due to disease, maltreatment and slavery, however several DNA studies have put that myth to rest.

In 2001, Juan Carlos Martinez Cruzado of the University of Puerto Rico analyzed modern Puerto Ricans and found substantial amounts of Native American ancestry in their mitochondrial genones-a subset of DNA that's inherited from mothers. From this study he concluded that the Taino contribution to the current population is considerable, however that study only proved that it was indigenous to the Americas not specifically Puerto Rico.

However in the last few years, Maria Nieves Colon, an anthropologist geneticist at Arizona State University has worked to wrest tiny fragments of DNA from ancient remains from three archeological sites on the island. Along with her colleagues, she acquired around 124 skeletal remains which all dated between A.D 500 and 1300. They searched these remains for genetic fragments and managed to completely decipher the mitochondrial genomes from 45 precontact people and partial nuclear genomes from two of them. Now keep in mind this was a very difficult task considering DNA breaks down quickly and easily in tropical conditions.

The results however confirmed that these indigenous remains in Puerto Rico were strongly connected to Amazonian groups from Venezuela and Colombia and mote than likely originated from that region. They also contain genetic evidence connecting pre-colonial populations with modern ones

The team found that 45 in mitochondrial genomes fell into 29 distinctive clusters. Most of these have never been detected in modern-day people across the Caribbean and may well have disappeared. But three of them did survive: they're still around in the genomes of today's Puerto Ricans and only in Puerto Ricans.

Since then, several more DNA studies have yielded surprising results. Those results showed that at least 61% of Puerto Ricans have Taino ancestry and that ancestry is between 10-20% of their DNA.

Let us know what you think in the comments section below. Please hit the like button, share, don't forget to subscribe, and turn on the notification bell for more videos


#coquireport #puertorico #taino

Check out our latest videos and don't forget to subscribe:
El Yunque - Sacred rainforest in Puerto Rico
#
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-mD-oYGtXI
Puerto Rico History - Grito de Lares
#https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dME4QouDsXI
Ramon Betances - Father of Puerto Rican Identity
#https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_PdA...

Showing 112 out of 113